With the increase in people's dependence on the network, more and more mobile users want to be able to access corporate network resources and Internet resources anytime and anywhere in a more flexible manner. The most prominent performance at this stage is the demand for mobile office .
The traditional way to solve the mobile office is to establish a dial-up access server on the intranet of the enterprise, or use VPN. None of these traditional methods provide a flexible and effective mobile office method, and it is in this context that mobile IP technology has surfaced. It effectively solves the security and user management of mobile computers, realizes two-way access for mobile users and IP-based rights management, billing management, and realizes the transparent access of mobile users to corporate resources.
What is mobile IP technology
When a host that uses traditional IP technology moves to another network segment or subnet, because different network segments correspond to different IP addresses, users cannot use the original IP address to communicate, and the host IP address must be modified to the subnet. IP address. Moreover, due to various network settings, users generally cannot continue to access the resources of the original network, and other users cannot access the user through the user's original IP address.
The so-called mobile IP technology means that when mobile users use the network based on the TCP / IP protocol during random movement and roaming across the network, they do not need to modify the original IP address of the computer, while continuing to enjoy all the rights in the original network. Simply put, mobile IP is to achieve a full range of network mobility or roaming.
The mobile IP protocol standards proposed by IETF mainly include RFC2002, RFC2003, RFC2004, RFC2005 and RFC2006 and other RFC documents. RFC2002 defines the mobile IP protocol; RFC2003, 2004 and 1701 define the three tunneling technologies used in mobile IP; RFC2005 describes the application of mobile IP; RFC2006 defines the management information base MIB of mobile IP. The MIB library of Mobile IP is a variable collection of nodes that implement Mobile IP. The management platform can check and configure these variables through SNMPv2. The publication of RFC documents triggered the climax of research on mobile IP technology. Columbia University, New York University, National University of Singapore, Japan Institute of Science and Technology, Royal Swedish Academy and FTPSoftware, IBM, Motorola, Nokia, SUN, Telxon and other companies have The corresponding working group studies mobile IP. In China, Xidian Jietong, a subsidiary of Xidian University, has been focusing on mobile IP research and launching related products.
Mobile IP functional entity
Three functional entities are defined in Mobile IP. A mobile node is a host or router that moves from one network or subnet to another network or subnet. It can still communicate through its fixed IP address without changing its IP settings when changing its location; the "home" agent is a A host or router connected to the mobile node's local network, which holds the location information of the mobile node, and can transmit data packets sent to the mobile node to the mobile node when the mobile node leaves the "home" network; the foreign agent is where the mobile node is currently located A host or router on the foreign network, it can forward the data packets sent by the "home" agent to the mobile node.
The main technology of mobile IP
Home address: This is a static address used to identify the end-to-end connection, and is also the address used when the mobile node is connected to the "home" network. No matter where the mobile node is connected to the network, its home address remains unchanged.
Care-of address: The care-of address is the tunnel end address. It is the care-of address of a foreign agent, or it may be a care-of address residing locally. The foreign agent care-of address is an address of the foreign agent, which the mobile node uses to register. In this address mode, the foreign agent is the end point of the tunnel. It receives the tunnel packet, decapsulates the tunnel of the packet, and then sends the original packet to the mobile node.
Location registration: The mobile node must register its location information with its "hometown" agent in order to be found.
Agent discovery: In order to communicate with other nodes anytime, anywhere, the mobile node must first find a mobile agent. One is passive discovery, that is, the mobile node waits for the local mobile agent to periodically broadcast the agent announcement message; the second is active discovery, that is, the mobile node broadcasts a message requesting the agent.
Tunneling technology: When the mobile node is on a foreign network, the "home" agent needs to forward the original data packet to the registered foreign agent. At this time, the home agent uses IP tunneling technology to encapsulate the original IP data packet in the forwarded IP data packet, so that the original IP data packet is forwarded intact to the care-of address at the end of the tunnel.
Mobile IP application category
Mobile IP applications can be divided into two categories according to the different mobile range of mobile users.
Subnet-subnet roaming mode: mobile users move between subnets with mobile IP servers installed. The subnets here can be logical subnets separated by routers within the corporate network, including physically distributed, through dedicated lines Or a subnet or local area network of an enterprise branch connected to the Internet, or a subnet that trusts different companies.
Internet-enterprise network roaming method: mobile users move to the outside of the enterprise network and realize two-way access with the enterprise network by accessing the Internet. This method is mainly aimed at personal users traveling to the field without branches or at home to achieve mobile office.
Mobile IP has the following characteristics:
Powerful roaming function: mobile users roam freely between subnets of the corporate network and between the Internet and the corporate network, making it easy to use the resources in the original corporate network.
Two-way communication: when a mobile user's location changes, they can still easily communicate through the care-of address, and other users can still communicate with the user through the user's original IP address, without being restricted by the geographical location of the network communication. Two-way communication.
Network transparency: When mobile users roam, there is no need to make any changes to the original network settings of the computer, and no need to change the settings of the foreign network and the "hometown" network they are connected to.
Application transparency: When mobile users are roaming, there is no need to make any changes to the IP-based applications on personal computers and network hosts, and there is no need to add additional user management and permission management to achieve transparency of the application system.
Good security: adopt tunneling technology for encrypted transmission and identity authentication without increasing the new security risks brought by mobile users.
Realize the function of virtual enterprise network: the subnets installed with mobile IP servers can communicate through tunnels, and mobile users can also communicate with enterprise networks through tunnels. In fact, it has partially realized the function of VPN.
Link independence: Mobile IP technology has nothing to do with low-level links, and can support both wireless and wired network environments.
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