This article explores the application of IC cards in managing employee registration across various industries, with a specific focus on the catering sector. The system described is referred to as a "terminal" due to its ability to function both online and in standalone mode. This design allows for flexible use, making it ideal for environments where internet connectivity may be limited or unreliable.
The system hardware structure is illustrated in Figure 1-118. The process begins with communication between a PC and the terminal via a serial port. Employee data—such as name, age, workplace, medical history, and infection status—is uploaded into the terminal. Medical institutions then review and approve this information before it is written onto an IC card.
Once the data is stored on the IC card, management personnel can use the terminal to check the health status of employees at any time. The system uses the 80C31 microcontroller, which is well-suited for handling the large volume of Chinese character data required. A dot matrix LCD screen is used to display the information, and the system’s input is controlled through a keyboard directly connected to the 80C31’s I/O ports. The buttons include functions such as card reading, scrolling, and data writing.
When selecting an IC card, several manufacturers are available, including ATMEL, SIEMENS, and GEM-PLUS. While ATMEL's AT24CXX series is easy to program due to its compatibility with the I2C bus, it lacks encryption features. Since the system requires both high capacity (over 8K) and encryption, the SIEMENS SLE4428 model was chosen. It features an 8K-bit EEPROM and a 2-byte programmable security code, offering enhanced data protection.
To support full Chinese character display, the GB5199A Chinese character library chip was selected. This chip contains standard one- and two-character sets. However, due to the discontinuous nature of Chinese character codes, an address conversion circuit using the B202 gate array is necessary. For newer chips like GB5199B, this step may be optional.
The 80C31 has only 16 address lines, while the GB5199A requires 18. To overcome this limitation, an addressing extension method is employed. Each Chinese character occupies 32 consecutive bytes, which are addressed using five additional lines. The circuit diagram (Figure 1-119) shows how the 74HC573 and GB5199A are selected using separate chip select lines, simplifying PCB layout.
The LCD screen used is a 128×64 dot matrix, capable of displaying four lines of eight Chinese characters. Generating the necessary negative voltage for the LCD is achieved through a clever circuit involving the MAX232E chip. Although primarily designed for serial communication, this chip also provides a ±10V dual charge pump voltage converter. The associated circuit (Figure 1-120) demonstrates how the negative voltage is derived from the V- pin.
Capacitors C1–C4, typically 1μF, are used in the charge pump circuit. Increasing their capacitance to 10μF can improve performance when drawing power from the V+ or V- terminals. This ensures stable operation under varying conditions, making the system more reliable in real-world applications.
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