In the case of continuous engine operation, the maximum combustion temperature can reach up to 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit. Even at idle or low speeds, the average temperature inside the combustion chamber remains above 1,000 degrees. Operating under such extreme temperatures can cause accelerated wear on internal engine components and lead to oil degradation. To ensure the engine operates within a safe temperature range, car manufacturers have integrated a cooling system into the engine design. The automotive engine cooling system is one of the six essential systems in the vehicle. Its primary function is to remove excess heat from the engine's hot components, ensuring that the engine runs at its optimal temperature for efficiency and longevity. **Daily Inspection of the Cooling System** When checking the cooling system regularly, it's important to pay attention to several key components: 1. **Check the Radiator:** The radiator should maintain an even temperature when the car is running. If one side feels significantly cooler than the other, it may indicate a blockage inside the radiator. To clear this, you can use a water pipe to flush the radiator in reverse with a pressure of around 2 kg. For severe blockages, a small amount of cleaning solution can be added, followed by thorough cleaning and inspection for leaks. 2. **Inspect the Thermostat:** Some people mistakenly believe removing the thermostat will prevent overheating, but this can actually harm the engine if it runs too cold for extended periods. A properly functioning thermostat ensures the right balance between the coolant’s flow through the small and large circuits. If the thermostat is not installed, the resistance in the pipeline can reduce the flow to the large cycle, leading to higher temperatures. 3. **Check the Water Pump:** The water pump can suffer from three main issues: leakage, impeller slippage, and corrosion. Slippage occurs when there is excessive clearance between the pump shaft and the impeller, which can reduce the pump's effectiveness at higher RPMs. 4. **Examine the Fan:** The fan plays a crucial role in the cooling system. Many modern vehicles use electromagnetic or silicone clutch fans, which activate only when needed. Common issues include oil leaks in silicone clutch fans or electrical faults in electromagnetic versions, such as damaged switches, wiring, or coils. 5. **Check the Exhaust System:** In addition to the cooling system, the exhaust system helps dissipate heat. The oil and transmission fluid also contribute to heat management. It's important to check if the exhaust system (especially those with catalytic converters) is unobstructed and if the oil and transmission coolers are intact. Additionally, the air hood near the fan is essential for proper airflow and heat dissipation. **Cooling System Maintenance Standards** The cooling system should be maintained every 2 years or after 40,000 miles. The five main indicators that signal the need for maintenance are: 1. Coolant level below the minimum line. 2. Coolant pH value less than or equal to 6. 3. Coolant showing signs of deterioration or scale buildup. 4. Freezing point of the coolant higher than -15°C. 5. High water temperature or boiling. **Key Maintenance Points** - Regularly check the sealing of the cooling system, the tension of the fan belt, the sensitivity of the thermostat, and the temperature of the coolant. Always ensure there is enough coolant in the system. - Clean the radiator and water jacket to remove scale and ensure efficient heat dissipation. **Cooling System Maintenance Process** **Step 1: Preparation** - Inspect the cooling system for any mechanical or electrical issues. If found, clean them before proceeding. - Gather all necessary tools, products, and equipment. **Step 2: Cleaning the Cooling System** - Drain the old antifreeze and fill the system with water. Add a tank cleaner (RV3-35) and let it idle for 30 minutes. **Step 3: Replace Old Fluid and Add New Liquid** - With the engine idling, connect the device to the quick connector on the radiator and start the fluid change process. Slightly increase the throttle when needed and monitor the pressure gauge. **Step 4: Final Checks and Recovery** - Once all connections are restored, idle the engine and check the coolant level. Top up if necessary, inspect for leaks, and ensure everything is working properly before returning the vehicle.

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