Determination of oil content in fishery ship management by ultraviolet spectrophotometry - Master's thesis - Dissertation

UV Spectrophotometric Determination of Oil Content in Fishing Vessels Keywords: UV-visible spectrophotometer; oil content determination; US instrumentation; fishery; ship; UV-1100; UV-1200 The practical significance of determining oil content in the management of fishing vessels has become increasingly important as offshore and deep-sea fishing operations expand. With the growth of large-scale fishing vessels, their ability to withstand harsh sea conditions has improved, bringing economic and social benefits. However, this expansion has also led to increased discharge of oily wastewater from engine rooms, resulting in marine pollution. To address this issue, the government has mandated that all new fishing vessels over 400 gross tons must be equipped with effective oil-water separation systems. Currently, most fishing vessels operated by national fisheries corporations and ocean-going vessels are fitted with oil separators to treat cabin wastewater. Despite these measures, the performance of these separators varies due to differences in installation, operation, and maintenance. As a result, the state has set a standard: oil-containing sewage discharged from fishing vessels should not exceed 15g/m³. To ensure compliance, the oil content in newly built or repaired vessels must be measured, and a certificate of conformity must be issued before it can receive an official Fisheries Ship Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate. Among various methods for oil content analysis—such as gravimetric, non-dispersive infrared, fluorescence, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry—UV spectrophotometry stands out for its simplicity, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. It is particularly suitable for use in general laboratory settings with instruments like the UV-1100 and UV-1200, which operate within the 215–260 nm range, ideal for detecting oil compounds. In terms of solvent selection, n-hexane was found to be the most appropriate choice due to its lower toxicity compared to carbon tetrachloride and easier purification process than petroleum ether. The purification of n-hexane through sulfonation followed by distillation significantly improves its light transmittance, meeting the required standards for UV measurements. For the standard curve, we used Marine Environmental Monitoring Standard Oil 20-3#, prepared by the National Ocean Monitoring Center, to ensure consistency and comparability across different monitoring stations. The maximum absorption wavelength of the standard oil was determined to be 226 nm, and a regression equation was established using a series of diluted oil solutions. During actual field testing on several fishing vessels, the oil content was measured using the UV spectrophotometric method. The results showed that the oil levels were below the regulatory limit of 15g/m³, indicating that the oil separators performed well and met the necessary environmental standards. In conclusion, UV spectrophotometry proves to be a reliable and efficient method for measuring oil content in fishing vessel wastewater, especially when combined with solvent purification techniques. This approach ensures accurate and consistent results, making it a valuable tool for environmental monitoring and compliance in the fisheries industry. Key words: UV-visible spectrophotometer; oil content determination; US instrumentation; fishery; ship; UV-1100; UV-1200

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