Working with Linux commands can be both powerful and enjoyable. While many users stick to the basics, there are a few lesser-known commands that can significantly enhance productivity or even make your daily tasks more interesting. These commands are especially valuable for system administrators, developers, and anyone who spends time in the terminal.
Linux is known for its flexibility and power, and mastering a few advanced commands can help you manage your desktop or server more efficiently. Some of these commands are rarely used but incredibly useful, whether you're just starting out or have been using Linux for years.
This article explores some of these hidden gems that can improve your workflow and make your Linux experience more efficient and fun.
**1. sudo !! command**
If you forget to use `sudo` with a command, you'll typically get a permission denied error. Instead of retyping the entire command, simply type `!!` to reuse the last executed command with elevated privileges. This saves time and avoids unnecessary repetition.
**2. Python command**
The `python -m SimpleHTTPServer` command starts a simple HTTP server that serves files from the current directory. You can access it via a browser at port 8000. It's great for quickly sharing files or testing web pages locally.
**3. mtr command**
MTR combines the functionality of `ping` and `traceroute`, providing real-time network diagnostics. If it's not installed on your system, you can install it using your package manager (e.g., `apt` or `yum`).
**4. Ctrl+X+E command**
This shortcut opens your default text editor (like `nano`, `vim`, or `emacs`) directly from the command line, making it easy to edit configuration files or scripts without leaving the terminal.
**5. nl command**
The `nl` command adds line numbers to the output of a file. For example, if you have a file called `one.txt` containing several lines, `nl one.txt` will display each line with its corresponding number.
**6. shuf command**
The `shuf` command randomly selects lines from a file or folder. For instance, `shuf -n 2 filename.txt` will output two random lines from the file. This is handy for quick random sampling.
**7. ss command**
`ss` stands for "socket statistics" and is a faster alternative to `netstat`. It provides detailed information about network connections and is particularly useful for troubleshooting.
**8. last command**
The `last` command shows login history by reading the `/var/log/wtmp` file. It lists all users who have logged in and out, along with their terminal sessions.
**9. curl ifconfig.me**
To find your external IP address, you can use `curl ifconfig.me`. This command fetches your public IP directly in the terminal. Make sure you have `curl` installed; if not, install it using your package manager.
**10. tree command**
The `tree` command displays the directory structure in a visual, tree-like format. It's an excellent tool for quickly understanding the contents of a folder.
**11. pstree**
The `pstree` command shows all running processes in a hierarchical tree format, similar to the `tree` command. It helps visualize how processes are related, which is useful for debugging or managing system resources.
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