I. Overview In recent years, with the continuous deepening of China’s reform and opening up and the rapid development of the global economic integration process, the marine transportation industry is quietly rising in China. Many powerful companies abroad have also seen the advantages of China’s marine transportation, such as the world’s most Well-known three shipping companies - the British Railway Group, the Danish Maersk Group, COSCO Group and Qingdao Port Group signed a contract recently to jointly operate the Qingdao Port Qianwan Container Terminal. Hong Kong Hutchison Huangpu has established joint ventures with many local governments to establish container terminals such as: Shanghai, Ningbo, Shenzhen Yantian, etc.
The opening of the Yangtze River Waterway in the Yangtze River has greatly accelerated the development of China's water transportation industry, and water transportation is becoming another bright spot in China's economic development.
In order to enable the transport industry, the fishery industry has more advanced and convenient electronic chart navigation equipment, and can provide various shipwreck data for ship traffic accidents, the company will fully develop the electronic chart system and achieve the results as soon as possible , to contribute to China's shipping industry.
Main purpose, performance The eletricity chart system (ECS) is an integrated navigation information system. It uses the electronic charts to complete integrated ship driving tasks. The ECS can integrate and calculate ship location information, satellite positioning and radio navigation system data, chart information, and radar information. The results of the processing are transmitted back to various control devices to control the ship or use images, sounds, languages, etc. The media prompted mariners. According to the needs of mariners, they can also provide consulting information for the maritime chart targets, such as the characteristics of navigation marks, obstacles and navigation channels, as well as navigation information on the entire route (from route guides, tidal tables, etc.) to the seafarers. The best sailing time and the determination of the maximum load of the ship are all very favorable. ECS can not only complete operations on traditional paper charts, including planned route design, distance and azimuth calculations, calculation of ship position corrections, positioning calculations, track display, etc., but also can solve new problems, such as the danger of ships entering the road. The automatic alarm in the area, the ship avoiding the reef, and the superposition of the electronic chart with the radar image to provide more intuitive collision avoidance information and automatic correction of the chart.
The company's shipboard electronic chart system is based on the summary of the structure, functions and applications of the marine electronic chart system. It is a high-end electronic chart system. Its function is more perfect and can replace paper charts. The practical results show that ECS is not only the equivalent of paper charts but also an essential part of the future automation of ships.
The company's products are mainly for commercial vessels, provide accurate electronic charts (sourced from Tianjin Haisi Airlines Department), intuitive and convenient operation mode (large screen), using the most advanced modern embedded system (fast operation speed), to reach the sea The industrial grade design fully meets the increasing navigation and safety requirements of commercial vessels. At the same time, it will also launch a fishery electronic chart with the performance of commercial aircraft to improve the navigation quality of fishing industry and break the current status of low-end fishing navigation equipment that is dominated by foreign brands.
Second, the main functions 1 chart display includes a given projection method for the synthesis and display of the chart (in the use of Mercator projection method, can be properly selected chart reference latitude, in order to reduce the chart projection deformation); Displaying the chart in the form of "up north" or "heading up"; displaying the chart in "relative motion" or "absolute motion"; changing the scale of the electronic chart at random (zoom display and roaming); hierarchical display of charts Information (invisible to the owner of the ship under specific navigation conditions).
2 The charting operations are planned on the electronic chart (by manual design or large-circle route calculation according to the recommended route); the distance and azimuth between any two points are calculated in a flexible manner (eg, using the electronic bearing line, variable distance Circles, etc.); Plot positions, tracks, and times.
3 The chart update can accept formal correction data provided by the official ENC production department and correction data extracted by mariners from navigational notices or radio navigation warnings to enable automatic and manual correction of ENC.
4 Positioning and navigation can be connected to devices such as log, gyrocompass, GPS, Loran-C, finder, and meteorological instruments, receive information from these sensors, and perform comprehensive processing to obtain the best ship position; Landmark positioning calculations.
5 Navigation Information Consultation Get detailed descriptions of elements on the electronic chart and navigational conditions information such as tides, currents, and weather.
6 Radar Information Processing The ECS can superimpose radar image and ARPA information on an electronic chart to provide a positional relationship between the ship, the static target around the ship, and the dynamic target around the ship. The mariners can use this to judge the avoidance situation and make a collision avoidance decision. At the same time, it is also possible to detect whether the collision avoidance decision is feasible or not on the electronic chart.
7 Route monitoring During the ship's voyage, ECS can automatically calculate the distance of the ship from the planned route, and give instructions and alarms if necessary to achieve track maintenance. The ECS can also automatically detect reefs, prohibited areas, and shoals in front of the navigation system to avoid the reefs and prevent light.
8 Navigation records ECS can automatically record ENC units used in the previous 12 hours and their origin, version, date and correction history, as well as every 10 seconds of position, speed, heading, etc. In the event of an accident on the ship, this information is sufficient to reproduce the current navigational situation and the recorded information is not allowed to be manipulated and changed. In other words, ECS should have the function similar to "black box".
9 Multimedia Human-Machine Interaction Due to the development of multimedia technology, Windows technology, and hypertext technology, ECS's human-machine interface will become more and more friendly, its presentation, text, sound, and image will be simplified, and the function operation buttons will be simplified, with language control capability. .
10 System Structure Componentized System hardware adopts plug-and-play mode to facilitate flexible configuration in various situations. System software development uses componentized object models to facilitate system upgrades and interactive use.
11 The hardware platform and operating system are universal to meet the objective conditions of the hardware platform and system diversification, and to meet the system application requirements for various occasions. The system will have a comprehensive hardware platform support and permission of the operating system support.
12 System software uses an open architecture In order to meet the different needs of different users, it should be based on a unified operating platform, allowing the third developer to develop an application interface with specific task characteristics, embedding specific functional modules. For this reason, the system should provide an API interface and have a corresponding special language or compatible universal markup language.
Third, the overall structure of the shipborne electronic chart system includes the software system and hardware system composed of two major parts, the overall structure of the system as shown below;
1. Software Department Content:
The software system includes the system software layer operating system and chart navigation application software layer. Here we choose to develop the source code of the LINUX operating system. The open and free and stable features of the LINUX operating system can be well utilized.
The application software layer is to achieve all of our required navigation navigation functions, including chart display and navigation. The SJMap map engine is used here to implement all the chart operations, including map display, movement, zoom, and so on.
The software layer is layered into two levels to achieve, while the system software uses a common operating system, making it easier for third-party users to increase their own application software modules.
2. Hardware department content:
The hardware department is mainly engaged in the development of embedded devices and requires a relatively well-performing embedded CPU chip. Here we use the ARM9 chip to achieve the required functionality. At the same time, the hardware device should also include a GPS module and a sonar module to achieve the functional requirements of positioning and exploration.
The GPS module can be directly connected to the embedded motherboard using a GPS chip, and communicates with the CPU to obtain GPS navigation and positioning data. At the same time, a simple and convenient solution can also be adopted, that is, using a GPS OEM board produced by a large GPS manufacturer and directly accessing the serial port of the embedded motherboard to obtain GPS data.
IV. Application Prospects The selection of this project is in line with the strategic goal of Comrade Jiang Zemin's implementation of "Digital China" in 1998. As an offshore electronic navigation system, it is an indispensable and important part of achieving digital management at sea.
1. The demand for technological transformation China's maritime industry (including fisheries, transportation, maritime survey, etc.) urgently needs to solve scientific navigation problems. The ocean is an extremely complex geographical environment. In the past, due to the experience of simple instruments and mariners, most of the vessels were sailing. As a result, the number of shipwrecks caused by them was countless. According to statistics of the Ministry of Transport and Maritime Affairs, only from January to April 2003 A total of 214 ship accidents occurred in the month. In short, the maritime industry paid a heavy price. In addition, due to the backwardness of our equipment, there is a lack of competition at the sea with the international advanced countries. Fiona is a é¹— åŸ åŸ åŸ 8 锟 锟 锟 锟 锟    嬉 嬉 嬉 秃 秃 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显 显Mei Xiaochang found the emperor (17)? The younger generation of marine workers urgently needs advanced, efficient, reliable navigation equipment for navigation and management. The above is the basic point of our choice of this project.
2. Current demand in our country
China has more than 5,000 kilometers of coastline, from Liaoning Province in the north to Hainan Province in the south, and there are ten coastal cities. These provinces and cities have developed fisheries and maritime transport industries. In recent years, Zhejiang and other provinces have proposed the development of the marine economy. The slogan of "building a strong maritime province" not only provides us with opportunities for project development, but also heralds the broad prospects of the product market. According to information released by the relevant state departments in 2001, China has a total of 180,000 motor boats (including cargo, passenger transport, passenger and cargo) and 1.2 million fishing boats. If each motor boat is equipped with a navigation system and is updated every five years, the annual demand will be 90,000 units, which will be calculated at 8,000 yuan each, with a value of 720 million yuan; two navigators are generally provided on fish vessels. And once every ten years, the annual demand is 240,000 units, which is calculated at 4,000 yuan per unit, with a value of 960 million yuan. The two items add up to 1.68 billion yuan. This shows that the product has a very large market.
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